Genetic Analyses of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Breeding Traits for Selecting Superior Genotype(s) Using Multivariate and Multi-Traits Indexing Approaches

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important food, feed, and cash crop in rice-based agricultural ecosystems Southeast Asia other continents. It has the potential to enhance livelihoods due its palatability, nutritional content, digestibility. We evaluated 166 diverse mungbean genotypes two seasons using multivariate multi-traits index approaches identify superior genotypes. The total Shannon diversity (SDI) for qualitative traits ranged from moderate terminal leaflet shape (0.592) high seed colour (1.279). analysis of variances (ANOVA) indicated a highly significant difference across most studied traits. Descriptive analyses showed among all morphological Six components with eigen values larger than one contributed 76.50% variability principal component (PCA). first three PCs accounted maximum 29.90%, 15.70%, 11.20% variances, respectively. Yield per plant, pod weight, hundred length, days maturity, pods harvest index, biological yield cluster more PC1 PC2 positive association direct effect on yield. were grouped into seven clusters II (34) minimum VII (10) along range intra-cluster inter-cluster distances 5.15 (cluster II) 3.60 VII) 9.53 (between VI) 4.88 (clusters I VII), suggesting extreme divergence possibility use hybridization selection. Cluster III highest yield-related plant positively significantly correlated weight. Depending multi-trait stability (MTSI), I, III, might be utilized as parents program generate high-yielding, disease-resistant, small-seeded mungbean. Based multivariate-approaches, G45, G5, G22, G55, G143, G144, G87, G138, G110, G133, G120 may considered best further breeding programs.